Robots
Teleoperation by robot model
How to drive, staff and collect training data on the robot arms, drones and humanoids teams actually deploy. One page per model, with its interfaces, specs and sources.
- Robot arms · 20 modelsRobot arm teleoperation, model by modelFrom the SO-101 on a desk to a UR10e on a line: how each arm is driven remotely, what the data looks like, and what it takes to keep operators on it every shift.See the models
- Drones · 20 modelsRemote drone pilots for the aircraft and docks you flyDocks put the aircraft on site and the pilot somewhere else. Here is how each common platform is flown remotely, and what a remote operations team needs to run it every day.See the models
- Humanoids · 20 modelsHumanoid robot teleoperation, model by modelHumanoids learn from people. Here is how each model is driven remotely, what data it produces, who can actually buy one, and what it takes to run operators on it every day.See the models
- Home robots · 20 modelsHome robot teleoperation, model by modelRobots are moving into kitchens and living rooms before they can do every chore on their own. Here is how each one learns, who steps in when it gets stuck, and what that takes.See the models
Robot arms
| Model | Type | Best for | Driven with |
|---|---|---|---|
| UFACTORY xArm 6UFACTORY | 6-axis lightweight cobot | Robot-learning datasets, lab automation, light pick-and-place | xArm Python/C++ SDK, ROS 2 + MoveIt 2, GELLO leader arm, SpaceMouse / gamepad |
| Franka Research 3Franka Robotics | 7-axis torque-sensing research arm | Imitation learning datasets, contact-rich manipulation research | FCI via libfranka (C++), franka_ros2 + MoveIt 2, Franka GELLO leader arm, Meta Quest VR (DROID rig) |
| SO-101 (and SO-100)TheRobotStudio and Hugging Face | Open-source low-cost leader/follower arm | First LeRobot datasets, smolVLA and ACT fine-tuning | LeRobot so101_follower / so101_leader (built in), Bimanual bi_so_follower, SpaceMouse (community plugin), Phone / WebXR VR (community plugin) |
| Trossen WidowX AI (and Solo AI)Trossen Robotics | 6-axis research arm with leader/follower pairs | LeRobot and OpenPi imitation-learning datasets | lerobot_trossen plugin, WidowX AI leader arm, Trossen VR (Meta Quest), Trossen Arm driver (C++/Python) |
| Universal Robots UR5e (now UR7e)Universal Robots | 6-axis industrial cobot | Research datasets, machine tending, remote exception handling | RTDE (up to 500 Hz), UR ROS 2 driver + MoveIt 2, MoveIt Servo (3D mouse, gamepad), GELLO leader arm |
| Trossen ALOHA Stationary AITrossen Robotics | Bimanual leader/follower workstation (ALOHA lineage) | Bimanual ACT, smolVLA and π0 datasets | Two WidowX AI leader/follower pairs, lerobot_trossen bimanual types, OpenPi (Pi0 / Pi0.5), Touchscreen data collection UI |
| AgileX PiPERAgileX Robotics | 6-axis low-cost research arm | Low-cost imitation learning rigs, bimanual setups | piper_sdk (Python over CAN), piper_ros (ROS 2 Humble) + MoveIt, Built-in master-slave leader mode, AgileX Universal Master Arm |
| Trossen Mobile AI (Mobile ALOHA)Trossen Robotics | Mobile bimanual leader/follower kit (Mobile ALOHA lineage) | Bimanual demonstrations in homes, labs and warehouses | Two WidowX AI leader/follower pairs, lerobot_trossen mobileai_robot, OpenPi (Pi0 / Pi0.5), On-device ACT / ACT++ training |
| UFACTORY xArm 7UFACTORY | 7-axis lightweight cobot | Dexterous and bimanual demonstration datasets | xArm Python/C++ SDK, xarm_ros2 + MoveIt 2 / MoveIt Servo, GELLO leader arm, VR hand tracking (BEAVR) |
| Kinova Gen3Kinova | 7-axis ultra-lightweight research arm | Mobile manipulation, assistive and lab research | Kortex API (C++, Python), ros2_kortex + MoveIt 2, Twist control (gamepad, 3D mouse), TACTIC leader arm |
| Trossen WidowX 250 S (discontinued)Trossen Robotics (Interbotix) | Discontinued 6-axis Dynamixel research arm | BridgeData-style datasets and existing WidowX labs | Interbotix X-Series ROS 2 (Galactic, Humble), Interbotix Python / ROS SDK, Meta Quest VR (BridgeData stack), Leader arm (ALOHA WidowX) |
| Enactic OpenArm (1.0 and 2.0)Enactic | Open-source 7-DOF humanoid bimanual arm | Bimanual, contact-rich datasets in LeRobot | LeRobot openarm_follower / bi_openarm_follower (built in), LeRobot openarm_leader and openarm_mini, openarm_teleop (unilateral / bilateral), OpenArm KER motorless leader (2.0) |
| Koch v1.1Jess Moss (after Alexander Koch's low-cost arm) | Open-source Dynamixel leader/follower arm | Low-cost LeRobot datasets on Dynamixel servos | LeRobot koch_follower / koch_leader (built in), Leader gripper as a spring-back trigger, Dynamixel SDK, Rerun live view |
| Universal Robots UR10e (now UR12e)Universal Robots | 6-axis industrial cobot, 12.5 kg class | Palletizing, machine tending, remote exception handling | UR ROS 2 driver + External Control URCap, RTDE, Force mode and direct_torque, Dashboard server |
| UFACTORY Lite 6 (and UFACTORY 850)UFACTORY | 6-axis desktop cobot | Low-cost tabletop datasets on the xArm SDK | xArm Python / C++ SDK, ROS / ROS 2 packages, UFACTORY Studio (browser), GELLO Lite6 parts (community) |
| KUKA LBR iiwaKUKA | 7-axis torque-sensing industrial and research arm | Contact-rich research, sensitive assembly, medical research | FRI (Fast Robot Interface) over UDP, lbr_fri_ros2_stack + MoveIt, kuka_drivers (ROS 2), Sunrise.OS Java applications |
| FANUC CRX series (CRX-10iA and siblings)FANUC | 6-axis industrial cobot series | Machine tending, palletizing, remote exception handling | FANUC ROS 2 driver (Stream Motion), Remote Motion Interface (RMI), MoveIt 2, Tablet Teach Pendant |
| Flexiv Rizon 4Flexiv | 7-axis force-controlled adaptive robot | Contact-rich assembly, polishing, force-aware datasets | Flexiv RDK (C++, Python; 1 kHz RT), flexiv_ros2 (v1 line) + MoveIt 2, Flexiv TDK (LAN and WAN teleop), Flexiv Trainer (LeRobot episodes) |
| Trossen WidowX Core, Pro and Heavy (with Glide)Trossen Robotics | 6-axis research arm family with a passive leader | Leader/follower data collection, including mixed-arm fleets | Glide passive leader (joint or Cartesian), WidowX Core Leader, Trossen SDK (C++, MCAP recording), LeRobot v2 conversion |
| Unitree Z1 (Air and Pro)Unitree Robotics | 6-axis lightweight arm for mobile manipulation | Arms on quadrupeds and mobile bases, bimanual datasets | z1_sdk (C++ / Python), z1_ros (ROS Noetic, MoveIt), Community z1_ros2 (ros2_control, MoveIt), unitree_lerobot fork (data conversion) |
Drones
| Model | Type | Best for | Driven with |
|---|---|---|---|
| DJI Dock 3 (Matrice 4D / 4TD)DJI | Drone-in-a-box dock, fixed or vehicle-mounted | DFR, security patrols, scheduled site inspections | DJI FlightHub 2 (cloud or On-Premises), DJI Cloud API, Payload SDK, Mobile SDK / DJI Pilot 2 |
| DJI Matrice 4 Series (4T / 4E)DJI | Compact enterprise quadcopter (thermal or mapping) | Public safety, utility inspection, survey and mapping | DJI FlightHub 2 live flight control, DJI Pilot 2 on RC Plus 2 Enterprise, DJI Cloud API, Mobile SDK |
| Skydio X10Skydio | US-made enterprise quadcopter | DFR, security patrols and asset inspection | Skydio Controller 2 + Flight Deck, Ops Center / Remote Flight Deck (browser), DFR Command, Skydio Cloud API |
| Skydio Dock for X10Skydio | Blue UAS drone dock (drone-in-a-box) | DFR, substation and site security coverage | Remote Flight Deck (browser), Ops Center, DFR / Security / Asset Command, Skydio Cloud API (docks, missions) |
| DJI Dock 2 (Matrice 3D / 3TD)DJI | Drone-in-a-box dock (fixed site) | Scheduled inspection, site mapping, security patrols | DJI FlightHub 2 (cloud or private deployment), DJI Cloud API, DJI RC Pro Enterprise (on-site), Edge computing module |
| DJI Matrice 350 RTKDJI | Heavy enterprise quadcopter, multi-payload | LiDAR survey, corridor mapping, thermal inspection | DJI Pilot 2 on DJI RC Plus, DJI Cloud API (via RC Plus), DJI FlightHub 2, Payload SDK V3+ (E-Port) |
| DJI Matrice 400DJI | Long-endurance heavy enterprise quadcopter | Power-line corridors, LiDAR mapping, emergency response | DJI FlightHub 2 remote control, DJI Pilot 2 on RC Plus 2 Enterprise Enhanced, DJI Cloud API, Payload SDK and E-Port V2 |
| DJI Mavic 3 Enterprise (3E / 3T)DJI | Compact folding enterprise quadcopter | Multi-site mapping, roof and solar inspection | DJI Pilot 2 on DJI RC Pro Enterprise, DJI FlightHub 2, DJI Cloud API (remote control documented), Mobile SDK |
| Percepto Air Max + Percepto BasePercepto | Drone-in-a-box for industrial sites | Utility, refinery, mine and solar inspection rounds | Percepto AIM (cloud), Remote manual navigation and abort, Percepto Base (dock, LTE), Base hopping |
| BRINC ResponderBRINC | US-made DFR drone with docking station | Drone as first responder (DFR) programs | BRINC LiveOps (browser teleoperation), BRINC Connect (on-scene takeover, mesh), Responder Station, 4G LTE |
| DJI Matrice 30 / 30T (+ DJI Dock)DJI | Enterprise quadcopter, handheld or docked (first-generation DJI Dock) | Public safety, site security, utility inspection | DJI FlightHub 2, DJI Cloud API (Dock and RC Plus), DJI Pilot 2, Payload SDK |
| DJI Agras T100DJI Agriculture | Heavy agricultural spray, spread and lift drone | Crop spraying, spreading, short-haul lifting | DJI RC Plus 2 (Agras), DJI SmartFarm app and SmartFarm Web, Agras Relay, D-RTK 3 AG |
| Freefly Astro / Astro MaxFreefly Systems | Blue UAS mapping and LiDAR quadcopter (PX4) | Survey, LiDAR mapping and thermal inspection | Freefly Pilot Pro (Herelink / Doodle Labs), Auterion Mission Control (AMC), Auterion Suite (cloud), Skynode LTE (North America) |
| DJI FlyCart 30DJI | Heavy-lift delivery drone (cargo box or winch) | Construction, energy and mountain logistics | DJI Pilot 2 (dual operator mode), DJI DeliveryHub (cloud monitoring), Converged 4G + O3 link, Payload SDK |
| Parrot ANAFI USA / UKR / AiParrot | Compact government and enterprise quadcopter | Government ISR, public safety and quick inspections | FreeFlight 8 (ANAFI UKR), Skycontroller USA / Skycontroller UKR, Air SDK (onboard missions), Olympe (Python) and Ground SDK |
| Autel EVO Max 4TAutel Robotics | Enterprise thermal quadcopter | Public safety, search and rescue, thermal inspection | Autel Smart Controller V3 + Autel Enterprise, A-Mesh (multi-aircraft, dual-controller, relay), Autel Cloud API (MQTT, HTTPS, WebSocket), Mobile SDK and Payload SDK |
| Sunflower Labs Beehive (Bee + Hive)Sunflower Labs | Docked security patrol drone | Perimeter security and alarm response at fixed sites | Sunflower Labs web platform, Tap-to-fly manual takeover, Sensor, schedule and on-demand launches, RTSP to VMS |
| Flyability Elios 3Flyability | Caged indoor inspection drone (LiDAR SLAM) | Confined-space inspection in tanks, tunnels and stopes | Elios 3 remote controller + Cockpit app, Inspector 5 / Inspector Online, FARO Connect (SLAM processing), Range Extender |
| Inspired Flight IF800 TomcatInspired Flight | Blue UAS heavy-lift quadcopter (ArduPilot) | LiDAR, survey and EO/IR inspection | Herelink ground station, Inspired Suite GS-ONE / IGC, Inspired Suite Elevate (fleet), PilotGo (preflight and logging) |
| PX4 / ArduPilot custom dronesPX4 (Dronecode Foundation) and ArduPilot | Open-source autopilot platform (any MAVLink aircraft) | Custom, OEM and research fleets | MAVLink, QGroundControl, Mission Planner, MAVSDK / ROS 2 (PX4 Offboard) |
Humanoids
| Model | Type | Best for | Driven with |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unitree G1Unitree | Compact research humanoid (1.32 m) | Manipulation and loco-manipulation datasets, research fleets | unitree_sdk2 (C++ / Python), unitree_ros2, xr_teleoperate (Vision Pro, PICO, Quest 3), LeRobot unitree_g1 |
| Tesla OptimusTesla | General-purpose humanoid (not for sale) | Tesla internal factory use only | Motion-capture suit (data collection), VR headset teleop, Helmet and backpack camera rigs, No public SDK |
| 1X NEO1X Technologies | Home humanoid with remote Expert Mode | Household chores, with scheduled remote experts | Voice and 1X mobile app, Expert Mode (remote 1X operator), Quest 3 headset + controllers (1X Experts), Redwood AI on-board policy |
| Unitree H2Unitree | Full-size humanoid (1.82 m, 31 DoF) | Human-height manipulation and whole-body data | unitree_sdk2 (EDU), xr_teleoperate v1.6 (H2, 7-DoF arms), NVIDIA Isaac TeleOp + GR00T (H2 Plus), unitree_mujoco (C++) |
| Unitree R1Unitree | Low-cost compact humanoid (1.23 m) | Multi-robot tabletop data fleets, teaching labs | unitree_sdk2 (EDU), xr_teleoperate v1.6 (R1_A5, R1_A7), Vision Pro, PICO, Quest 3, LeRobot v3.0 datasets |
| Unitree H1Unitree | Full-size research humanoid (H1 and H1-2) | Whole-body teleop research, full-size loco-manipulation | unitree_sdk2 / unitree_ros2, xr_teleoperate (H1 4-DoF, H1_2 7-DoF), Open-TeleVision (Vision Pro, Quest 3), OmniH2O / H2O (non-commercial) |
| Figure 03Figure AI | General-purpose humanoid (commercial deployments only) | Figure's own commercial and home programs | Helix / Helix 02 VLA (on-board), Teleoperation equipment (Figure operators), Human video and motion data, Figure Index app (human data) |
| Boston Dynamics AtlasBoston Dynamics | Electric industrial humanoid | Automotive and industrial material handling | VR teleop on BD's MPC controller, Tablet steering interface, Autonomous mode (LBM policies), Orbit fleet software |
| AgiBot A2AgiBot | Full-size service and performance humanoid | Reception, guiding, performances, recorded motion | AgiBot VR Teleoperation Kit (A2 only), AimMaster record and playback, Handheld remote controller, Swarm and dance control software |
| Fourier GR-1Fourier | Full-size research humanoid | VR teleop data collection and GR00T research | Fourier teleoperation (F.A.R.T.S.), Apple Vision Pro / Meta Quest 3, GRx SDK and fourier-grx-client, ROS 2 on Ubuntu 20.04 host |
| Agility DigitAgility Robotics | Bipedal warehouse and logistics humanoid | Tote handling and material moves in warehouses | Agility Arc fleet cloud, Warehouse and MES integration, Swappable ISO-flange end-effectors, No public SDK or teleop stack |
| UBTech Walker S2UBTech Robotics | Industrial humanoid with autonomous battery swap | Factory material handling around the clock | SDK via UBTech partner training, WalkerS2-Model URDF / USD, GHRC 2026 Isaac Sim baseline (LeRobot v3.0), Gigabit Ethernet / USB 3.0 |
| Booster T1 (and Booster T2)Booster Robotics | Mid-size research humanoid (T1, now T2) | RoboCup teams, locomotion research, custom teleop builds | Booster Robotics SDK (C++ / Python), Booster Studio, booster_gym (Isaac Gym), booster_train / booster_deploy |
| AgiBot X2AgiBot | Compact interaction and performance humanoid | Performances, interaction, motion data on Ultra | Handheld controller and mobile app, Secondary development (X2 Ultra only), AIMA Open Platform, Custom VR or mocap teleop |
| Pollen Robotics Reachy 2Pollen Robotics (Hugging Face) | Wheeled bimanual humanoid (open source) | VR teleop datasets in LeRobot, mobile manipulation research | Reachy2Teleoperation VR app (Windows), LeRobot reachy2 robot and teleoperator, pollen_data_acquisition_server, Python SDK (reachy2-sdk) |
| EngineAI PM01EngineAI | Mid-size open-SDK humanoid (1.40 m, 24 DoF) | Locomotion and motion-tracking research, custom teleop builds | EngineAI native SDK (ROS 2 Humble / Jazzy), engineai_ros2_workspace (Cyclone DDS), engineai_rl_lab (Isaac Lab), MuJoCo sim2sim |
| LimX Dynamics OliLimX Dynamics | Full-size humanoid (165 cm, 31 DoF body) | Whole-body motion data, mocap-driven teleop, research | Remote Control and High-Level Motion APIs, limxsdk-lowlevel (C++ / Python), GMR retargeting (Xsens, OptiTrack, PICO), Studio Package (data collection, optional) |
| Booster K1Booster Robotics | Kid-size humanoid (95 cm, 22 DoF) | RoboCup, locomotion and motion data, low-cost fleets | Booster Robotics SDK (C++ / Python), Booster Studio and Agents, booster_train (Isaac Lab), booster_deploy (MuJoCo, Webots) |
| AgiBot Genie G1AgiBot | Wheeled dual-arm data-collection humanoid | Teleop data collection and GO-1 fine-tuning | VR or motion-capture teleop (built in), Genie Studio, AgiBot World / LeRobot format, GO-1 foundation model |
| Rainbow Robotics RB-Y1Rainbow Robotics | Wheeled bimanual humanoid (mobile manipulator) | Leader-arm bimanual datasets, mobile manipulation research | rby1-sdk (Python / C++), ROS 2, Leader Arm and Stand Leader Arm (14 DoF), Tele-Op by VR (option) |
Home robots
| Model | Type | Best for | Driven with |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sunday MemoSunday Robotics | Wheeled home robot trained on glove data | Dishes, laundry folding and tidying at home | Sunday app and voice scheduling, Skill Capture Glove (training data), ACT-1 and ACT-2 models, No in-home teleoperation |
| Weave Isaac 1Weave Robotics | Wheeled bimanual home robot with remote assist | Laundry, bed-making and daily tidying at home | Smartphone companion app, On-demand or scheduled tasks, Weave teleoperation assistance (remote specialist), Over-the-air updates |
| Tau Robotics humanoid cleaningTau Robotics | Human-operated humanoid cleaning service | Apartment cleaning in San Francisco | Remote operator station (Tau facility, SF), VR headset view through robot cameras, On-site supervisor, AI policy with human takeover |
| Roborock Saros Z70Roborock | Robot vacuum and mop with a five-axis arm | Floor cleaning plus picking up light clutter | Roborock app, Manual arm and chassis control in the app, Up to 50 custom object labels, Cameras off until enabled |
| Hello Robot Stretch 4Hello Robot | Single-arm mobile manipulator for homes and labs | In-home research, assistive tasks, data collection | Web Teleop (browser), Gamepad teleop (included), Puppet teleop (Stretch drives Stretch), Open-source ROS 2 and Python SDK |
| SwitchBot onero H1SwitchBot | Wheeled home humanoid with on-device VLA | Tidying, laundry loading, smart-home tasks | OmniSense VLA (on-device), Works with other SwitchBot devices, No public SDK found, No published teleop mode |
| LG CLOiDLG Electronics | Wheeled two-armed home robot (concept) | Showing LG's "Zero Labor Home" chores vision | Voice and conversation, LG ThinQ and ThinQ ON appliance control, VLM and VLA models (reported), No SDK or teleoperation mode announced |
| Gatsby humanoid cleaningGatsby (West Egg Labs) | On-demand humanoid cleaning service | Apartment cleaning in San Francisco | Gatsby iOS app (booking), Robot texts you questions mid-clean, Remote human teleoperation for harder tasks, Robot-agnostic: partner humanoids |
| UBTech UWorld U1UBTech Robotics | Companion humanoid (Lite, Pro, Ultra) | Companionship and conversation at home | Voice conversation, Emotion-aware language model, Agent Memory OS, Electronic skin (touch sensing) |
| The Bot Company home robotThe Bot Company | Unreleased home robot (no product shown) | Everyday household tidying (stated goal) | No product, app or SDK yet, Sign-up for updates only, Learning from demonstration (per CEO), High-level language instruction (per CEO) |
| Prosper Robotics AlfieProsper Robotics | Wheeled two-armed home robot, teleop-first (prototype) | Kitchen cleanup, laundry and tidying, remote-assisted | Remote operators (video-game-style controls), Teleoperation as the training data source, Two emergency stop buttons, No public app or SDK |
| UniX AI PantherUniX AI | Full-size wheeled dual-arm humanoid | Household and hospitality service tasks | UniFlex imitation learning, UniTouch visuo-tactile models, UniCortex task planning, Preloaded applications |
| Galaxea R1 LiteGalaxea Dynamics | Wheeled bimanual mobile manipulator | Household-task data collection and VLA research | R1 Lite-T teleoperation device (optional), VR teleoperation (optional), A1Z-T teleoperation arms, RC transmitter and e-stop |
| Amazon AstroAmazon | Wheeled home-monitoring robot, no arm | Home monitoring, remote check-ins, Alexa on wheels | Astro app live view and tap-to-go, Voice (wake word "Astro"), Saved viewpoints, Out-of-bounds zones |
| MaticMatic Robots | Camera-first vacuum and mop, on-device AI | Private, autonomous floor cleaning | Matic app over local Wi-Fi, Matic Cues (voice and gesture), Tap to scrub, Opt-in encrypted cloud for remote app use |
| Dreame Cyber10 UltraDreame Technology | Robot vacuum with a pick-up arm (announced) | Clearing floor clutter before vacuuming | Autonomous clutter pick-up, Arm tool switching from the dock, TriSight perception (incl. arm camera), Matter compatibility (announced) |
| AgileX Cobot MagicAgileX Robotics | Mobile ALOHA-style bimanual teleop and data rig | Collecting household mobile-manipulation demonstrations | Leader ("teaching") arms, Whole-body teleop of arms and base, Mobile ALOHA code and ACT++ fork, ROS |
| Zeroth M1Zeroth | 50 cm biped humanoid companion and dev kit | Home companionship, education, robot-learning hobbyists | Gamepad remote (included), Python SDK and M1 Spine SDK, ROS 2 (message bus), Isaac Gym and MuJoCo |
| Labrador RetrieverLabrador Systems | Assistive mobile shelf robot with tray retrieval | Carrying meals, laundry and essentials at home | Labrador app (phone or tablet), Alexa voice commands, Bluetooth button (accessory), Pre-set schedules |
| PAL Robotics TIAGo ProPAL Robotics | Omnidirectional mobile manipulator, 2 × 7-DoF torque-sensing arms | Assistive and home-task research with leader-arm teleop | PAL Teleoperation Station (2 × 7-DoF arms), ROS 2 with ros2_control, MoveIt 2 and Nav2, PAL Web GUI |